Background: Low-birth-weight (LBW) is universally used as an indicator of health status and is an important subject of national concern and a focus of health policy. LBW has been associated with a higher risk for childhood mortality and morbidity. The present study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of babies with low birth weight and to identify the Feto-maternal risk factors associated with these low birth weight babies. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of low-birth weight in our hospital and to ascertain the association between Feto-maternal factors and LBW. Methods: The present study is a hospital based case-control study conducted at NMCH & RC, Raichur on 100 samples over a period of 18 months.The study subjects include all the mothers and neonates of LBW babies. Data was collected by questionnaire method and analyzed accordingly. Results: The incidence of low birth weight was 25.41%.There were 50%males and 50% females in the study. 37(74%) of mothers belonged to age group 19-30years group. 37(74%) mothers in the LBW group visited ANC centers <4 times [OR 5.42, 95% CI (2.31-13.22)]. Nearly 33(74%) of the mothers with anemia [OR 21, 95%CI (7.32-67.86)] delivered low birth weight babies. Gestational diabetes mellitus [OR 4.50, 95% CI (0.98-32.57)] was presently in 8(16%). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that for reducing LBW, the strategy needs to focus attention on nutritional education to facilitate better weight gain during pregnancy, also encouraging wider birth interval and discouraging teen age pregnancy.