Objective: Antifungal drugs are used frequently in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC),buthave showncontroversialresults.Inthis study, weaimedtoevaluatetheeffectiveness of different antifungal drugs in the treatment of VVC. Methods:A total of 60 women with clinical and mycological evidence of vaginal candidiasis were randomized to receive daily a 200-mg dose of oral itraconazole for 3 days (20 women), a single oral 150 mg dose of fluconazole (20 women), or daily 100 mg dose of intravaginal clotrimazole for 6 days (20 women). They were assessed at 5-15 days (short-term assessment) and again at 30-60 days (long-term assessment) after discontinuation of the treatment. Results:At the short-term or long-term assessment, Candida species were completely eradicated from the vagina in 78% in the 3-day oral itraconazole group, 75% in the single oral fluconazole group, and 67% in the intravaginal clotrimazole group, respectively. The rates of clinical effectiveness were 90% in the 3-day oral itraconazole group, 74% in the single oral fluconazole group, and 55% in the intravaginal clotrimazole group, respectively. Treatment-related side effects were not found in any group. Conclusion:Our study suggests that the treatment of vaginal candidiasis with oral itraconazole or oral fluconazole would be effective and that an oral itraconazole or fluconazole therapy might be one choice in the treatment of vaginal candidiasis.