Abstract Issue

Volume 12 Issue 4 ( October-December ) 2023

Original Articles

A study to assess the effectiveness of breathing exercises on hypertension among patients with chronic renal failure
Nishu Sony, Komal Rani

Introduction: Hypertension, also called high blood pressure or HTN, is a persistent increase in blood pressure in the arteries, which is a chronic medical condition. It is a significant health issue and is often referred to as the "silent killer" since it usually has no warning signs or symptoms, leaving many people unaware of their condition. Hypertension is classified by the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7 Classification, 2013) as a sustained rise in blood pressure above 140/90 mmHg for adults aged 18 years or older. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) varies from region to region, ranging from under 1% to 13%, according to reports. The International Society of Nephrology's Kidney Disease Data Center Study recently reported a prevalence of 17%. Aim: To assess the effectiveness of breathing exercises on hypertension among patients with chronic renal failure. Materials and methods: A true-experimental study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of breathing exercises on hypertension among patients with chronic renal failure. The study was carried out at GGSMC&H in Faridkot, and a total of 60 participants were enrolled, with 30 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group. The study subjects were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using demographic profiles, and blood pressure was measured in both groups and categorized according to American Heart Association standards. Breathing exercises were implemented as an experimental intervention, and a post-test was conducted after seven days. The IBM SPSS version 26 was used for data analysis and interpretation. Results: The study found a statistically significant decrease in both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) following a breathing exercise intervention among patients with chronic renal failure. Pretest mean SBP was 136.60 and standard deviation was 6.19 and posttest mean SBP was 132.93 and standard deviation was 6.59, with a mean difference of 3.67. The paired t-test yielded a highly significant result (t29=6.495, p=0.001). Pretest mean DBP was 86.06 and standard deviation was 5.34 and posttest mean DBP was 81.93 and standard deviation was 5.59, with a mean difference of 4.14. The paired t-test yielded a highly significant result (t29=8.013, p=0.001). Additionally, the independent t-test showed a significant reduction in SBP in the experimental group compared to the control group (t58=2.82, p=0.040). The study concludes that breathing exercises effectively reduce both SBP and DBP in patients with chronic renal failure. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study demonstrates that breathing exercises are effective in reducing both systolic and diastolic blood pressure among patients with chronic renal failure. The results show significant improvements in pre- and post-intervention mean scores for systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The findings suggest that breathing exercises can be an effective non-pharmacological intervention for managing hypertension in patients with chronic renal failure. The study also provides evidence to support the use of breathing exercises as a complementary therapy in conjunction with standard medical treatment for hypertension. Overall, the results of this study have important implications for improving the management of hypertension in patients with chronic renal failure and highlight the need for further research in this area. Recommendations: The study can be further recommended on large sample and using experimental research approach.

 
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