Introduction:Didactic lecture is the most common teaching tool. Lecture being teacher centered and students as passive listners, students don’t concentrate during lecture and lose interest within few minutes.Conducting assessments at the end of lecture to check whether objectives of the lecture is achieved and knowledge is gained and retained by the students can be done.Objectives: To know1. The effectiveness of conducting assessment (MCQ) on learning among Ist phaseMBBSstudents.2. Perception of students regarding conduct of MCQat the end of lecture. Materials and Methods: Study was conducted in the department of physiology M.R.Medical College, after obtaining Ethical committee clearance RPA201955. Written informed consent taken. Two groups-each group containing 50 students. Both groups attended the lecture andat the end of lecture MCQ test was conducted.It was a surprise test for Group Aand for Group B prior information about the MCQ test was given.In the next lecture vice-versa was done. Students were asked to give feedback through 7pointlikert scale to know their perception towards conduct of assessment at end of lecture on learning. Results: There was statistically highly significant difference of mean scores of surprise MCQmarks that was Group A and informed MCQ marks that was Group B in Test No. 1 (p<0.01).Conclusion: It increased the focus of students during lecture. Its outcome will improve the understanding of concepts in depth.Discussion: Students learn only if they are assessed. So, to keep students attentive, one of the ways is to conduct assessment at the end of lecture.