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Volume 12 Issue 3 ( July-September ) 2023

Original Articles

Study Of Thyroid Profile In Patients Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Dr. Akanksha Verma,Dr. Kawalinder Kaur,Dr. Jyotsna Kaur Girgla, Dr. Harharpreet Kaur, Dr. Kiran Kumar

Background: Diabetes mellitus and thyroid diseases tend to coexist and have a mutual association. The prevalence of thyroid disorder in diabetics ranges from 10% to 24%. Thyroid disorders (TD) in Diabetes lead to increased risk of microvascular complications and can have a major impact on glycemic control. Objectives: The aim of present study is to analyze the thyroid profile including the T3, T4 and TSH among Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and to investigate the correlation of thyroid profile with the HbA1c and blood sugar levels. Methodology: Present study comprised of 50 cases with T2DM without thyroid disorders and 50 healthy controls who were non diabetic. Thyroid profile including T3, T4 and TSH was analyzed in all patients. Correlation of T3, T4 and TSH with the HbA1c and blood sugar was done. Results: The mean age of control group was 55.58 ± 6.40 years and of cases was 56.96 ± 6.33 years. The thyroid disorders were found to be more common in diabetics than non-diabetics. Overall prevalence of thyroid disorder in diabetic patients was 50% which was more common in females (56%) as compared to males (44%). Where subclinical hypothyroidism was present in 28% individuals in the age group whereas, hypothyroidism was seen in 18% individuals and remaining 2 % had Subclinical Hyperthyroidism and 2% had Hyperthyroidism. There was no significant difference between the control and cases was observed in T3 (1.24 ± 0.62 and 1.22 ± 1.00) and T4 (6.71 ± 2.87 and 6.04 ± 3.67) respectively. However, TSH was significantly higher in cases (7.77 ± 14.70) compared to control (3.39 ± 2.79). A negative correlation of HbA1c was observed with T3 (r=-0.112) and T4 (r=-0.110) whereas a positive correlation was observed with TSH (r=0.415). A negative correlation of FBS was observed with T3 (r=-0.135) and T4 (r=-0.108) whereas a positive correlation was observed with TSH (r=0.264). Conclusion: Our study shows high prevalence of thyroid disorders in diabetic patients This can affect the glycemic control and complications. Therefore, routine screening of thyroid disorder in patients with diabetes mellitus is recommended, so that it can be diagnosed at the earliest to avoid any complications.

 
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