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Volume 12 Issue 4 ( October-December ) 2023

Original Articles

Secondary Bacterial Infection in COVID-19 Patients and Associated Risk factors
Soumya Singh, Amit Kumar Singh, Divya Srivastava, Ramanath K

Background:Although bacterial co-infection has not been thoroughly studied in COVID-19 patients, it has been shown to exacerbate respiratory viral infections and death in influenza pandemics. Extended hospital stays, the use of mechanical ventilation, and inadequate healthcare administration can heighten the likelihood of subsequent microbial infection in cases of viral lung infections such as SARS CoV-2.Result:There were 114 (28.5%) females and 286 (71.5%) males among the 400 COVID-19. The majority of the male patients (n=48, 75%) belonged to the 41–45 age range. The age range of 56–60 years comprised the majority of female patients (n=24, 61.5%). A total of sixty-two patients had secondary SARS CoV-2 bacterial infections, which were more prevalent in older patients above the age of 56. Only 13 (11.4%) female COVID-19 cases had developed secondary bacterial infection, compared to 286 male cases (17.1%) with secondary bacterial infection. Gram negative bacteria was predominant bacterial isolate among gram negative bacilli , Klebsiella pneumonia (n=46; 63.1%) was predominant followed by Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 9; 12.3%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 6; 8.2%). Among the gram positive cocci, streptococcus pneumoniae was most common( n=7; 9.6%) and followed by Staphylococcous aureus(n=5; 6.8%). Sixty-nine percent of individuals with secondary bacterial infections also had bacteremia.Discussion and Conclusion:Patients with diabetes and COPD had higher rates of secondary bacterial co-infection. Early identification and rapid treatment can enhance patient care and improve outcomes for COVID-19 positive individuals with secondary infections.

 
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