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Volume 13 Issue 3 (March) 2024

Original Articles

To investigate the Spontaneous Pneumothorax and Pneumomediastinum in Covid-19 Pneumonia Patients
Dr. Tushar Nehra, Dr. Harsh Raj Nehra, Dr. Aditya Saraswat, Dr. Spandan Biswas, Dr. Kristel Bhalla

Aim: To investigate the Spontaneous Pneumothorax and Pneumomediastinum in Covid-19 Pneumonia Patients. Material and methods: 100 COVID-19 positive individuals with pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum were analyzed in a retrospective study. The patients were diagnosed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays (RT-PCR) of the nasopharyngeal swab samples, together with thorax CT scans. Individuals who had positive CT chest results were subsequently confirmed by PCR. The thorax CT scans clearly show the signs of coronavirus pneumonia at the time of diagnosis and throughout the follow-up. Results: 71% of the participants were male. The prevalent comorbidities were concurrent hypertension-diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. 93% of the patients had pneumothorax, 12% had both pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum, and 7% had isolated pneumomediastinum. Tube thoracostomy was performed on 97 out of 100 patients, while the other 3 patients were managed conservatively without surgery. The median length of hospital stay was 18.14 days. There was no notable disparity in the pneumothorax rates between patients who received mechanical ventilation and those who did not. There was no substantial difference in pneumothoraxproportions between men and women. Several inflammatory markers (WBC, CRP, D-Dimer, Ferritin, and IL6) and blood gas values (PaCO2 and pH) showed substantial differences between patients who died and those who survived. Conclusion: Spontaneous pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum are uncommon occurrences associated with COVID-19 viral pneumonia. It may happen at any point along the progression of the illness. Elderly people with comorbidities who undergo mechanical breathing seem to have a higher risk of death. Significant differences were seen in the levels of inflammatory markers (WBC, CRP, LDH, D-dimer, ferritin, and IL6) and blood gas values (elevated PaCO2 and decreased pH) between patients who died and those who survived.

 
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