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Volume 12 Issue 2 ( April- June) 2023

Original Articles

A prospective study of functional and radiological outcomes of treating acetabular fractures with open reduction and internal fixation
Parth Panchal, Anna Sai Srujan Reddy, Rahil Mahamadhanif Vahora

Background: Acetabulum plays a vital role in weight-bearing in lower extremity. The fractures of acetabulum are complex and are difficult to treat. Thus, this study was planned with an aim to evaluate the functional and radiological outcomes following open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) for acetabular fractures. Methods: A prospective study was carried out in the orthopaedics department for a duration of one year after ethical approval. Patients aged between 18 to 65 years having closed acetabular fractures with more than 2 mm displacements and less than 3 weeks duration were recruited for the study. These patients were initially evaluated for other associated injuries and were provided with Bohler Braun splint and skin traction for a period of 3 to 4 days. Three X-rays were performed in AP view, Judet obturator oblique view and Judet iliac oblique view. CT scan was also done pre-operatively to determine the type of fracture. Three surgical approaches were used depending on the type of fracture: anterior iliofemoral approach, anterior modified stoppa approach and posterior kocher – langenbeck approach. Post-operative antibiotics and analgesics were prescribed. Follow-up was done at 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year. Post-operative assessment for functional and radiological outcomes was done using Modified Merle d'Aubigné and Postel score and Matta’s criteria, respectively. Results: A total of 14 patients were recruited in the study. The mean age was 37.6 ± 3.4 years. Out of 14 patients, 78.57% (n = 11) were males. Out of 14, five patients had associated bony injuries, the most common of which was femur fracture which occurred in three patients. The most common type of fracture pattern was the posterior column and combined posterior wall and column fractures which were present in three patients each. Post-operative complication rate was 28.57% (n =4). Modified Merle d'Aubigné and Postel functional score average was 14.2. 42% patients (n = 6) had fair post-operative functional outcomes at one year evaluation. Matta’s criteria classified half of the cases as imperfect reduction. Conclusion: ORIF can be an effective approach in the management of acetabular fractures. Proper preoperative planning, anatomical reduction, adequate fixation and early mobilization are essential to achieve good functional outcomes.

 
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