Background: Considering the fact that 30% of India's blind, lose their sight before the age of 20 years. Commonest avoidable cause of visual impairment is Refractive Error(RE) and thus the importance of early detection and treatment is the simplest and most effective forms of eye care. Purpose: To assess the prevalence of refractive error in school going children in East Nimar (M.P.). Materials & Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in January 2023 for a period of one month. Study includes 2000 Students of 5- 15 years age group studying in Government schoolsof East Nimar district. Students were screened for defective vision with the help of Snellen’s chart and confirmation by refraction at Nandkumar Singh ChauhanGovt Medical College& Associate Hospital Khandwa .Relevant data such as Demographic details, past and current medical illness, and medication history etc. was collected and documented using suitably designed data collection format. Results: 2000 government school children of 5- 15 years age group in Government schools of East Nimar district were examined. 55.7% of the study population was boys and 44.3% were girls. The prevalence of uncorrected refractive error was 11.30%. The prevalence of Myopia, Hypermetropia and Astigmatism in children was 8.15%, 3.15%, 4.8% respectively. Children 13 to 15years were most likely to have uncorrected myopia. Hypermetropia was associated with younger age group. No significant association was found between R.E. and sex.