Original Articles
Stages of Breast Cancer at Initial Diagnosis-Experience from a Tertiary Care Centre | |
Dr.Vishnukumar K., Dr.Manju P.A., Dr.Reyasudeen K.A., Dr.Sayed Mohammed Afsal | |
Aim: This Study is designed to estimate the frequency of stages of breast cancer at initial presentation. Determine the Factors influencing early versus late-stage presentation (age, education, income, urban/rural residency) and study the impact of stage at presentation on treatment options and prognosis. Methods: The Retrospective study was done in last 5 yearsinclude 203 patients who were admitted with carcinoma breast to general surgical wards in Medical College Hospital Ernakulam either from OPD or the Emergency Department. Result:Based on existing literature and epidemiological data, approximately 5% of patients are diagnosed with Stage IV (metastatic) breast cancer at initial presentation. Hence, the estimated proportion ppp was taken as 0.05, with q=1−p=0.95 q=1-p=0.95q=1−p=0.95. A 95% confidence level was chosen to ensure adequate statistical reliability, and a margin of error of ±3% (0.03) was considered acceptable for the study's precision needs. Conclusion: Delays in presentation may be caused by obstacles such low health literacy, social stigma, fear, and inability to get frequent screening. These results highlight the need for more community-based, culturally relevant, and locally focused approaches that actively support early identification and prompt medical care, going beyond awareness-raising. |
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