Background: Head and Neck Squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) including oral cancers which constitutes the most common upper aero digestive tract carcinomas. It accounts for 3% of all cancers in the developed countries like USA whereas in developing countries like India it accounts for 30% of all cancers. More than 90% of oral cancers are squamous cell carcinomas. Oral cancer is a major problem in the Indian subcontinent where it ranks among the top three types of cancer in the country. An age-adjusted rate of oral cancer in India is high that is, 20 per 100,000 population.Materials and methods: This study consisted of 80 randomly selected patients with histologically diagnosed SCC, who underwent mandibular resection as part of their treatment. Mandibular resection was deemed necessary either because of the clinical diagnosis of bone involvement or to achieve R-0 resection. All patients were treated at the Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, India, from October 2010 to December 2012. Tumors were staged (clinical TNM stage groupings) according to the 2010 guidelines of the AJCC.Results: Eleven patients (13.75%) had grade I tumors, fifty-one patients (63.75%) had grade II tumors and eighteen patients (22.50%) had grade III tumors. After preliminary investigations patients were assigned into Clinical TNM stage groups as per AJCC staging system (seventh edition). One patient (1%) belonged to stage I, 13 (16%) patients belonged to stage II, 12 (15%) patients belonged to stage III and fifty-four patients (68%) belonged to stage IV.Conclusion: Significant contributing factors of oral squamous cell carcinoma infiltration into the mandible are the size/T-stage and location of the primary tumor. Larger tumors are more likely to infiltrate. Gingiva and retromolar trigone are the most favored locations that facilitate tumor infiltration into the mandible. Direct contact of the tumor on the attached mucosa usually provides a portal of entry of the tumor into the medullary space.