Introduction:Anemia is a condition in which red blood cells (RBC) count is decreased &there is reduction in their oxygen carrying ability.Peripheral blood findings and Shift of histogram curve in one direction or other can be diagnostic in the various types of anemia.Aim: To interpret RBC histogram and correlate peripheral blood smear with RBC histogram. Materials and Methods:This study was conducted at tertiarycentre hospital on 100 anemia patients.Complete hemogram,RBC indices, RBC histogram, and Peripheral smear were studied.Results:It was found that majority of the patients were female (58%) and belong to age group of 61-70 years with microcytic hypochromic anemia as most common blood picture accounting to 50%. Only 7% cases of dimorphic anemiawere seen. On histogram 41% cases of left shift curve, followed by normal curve (32%), broad base curve (16%), andright shift curve (8%) were observed. Only 1% case had bimodal curve.Significant association was observed between peripheral smear findings and RBC histogram with p value (<0.05).Conclusion:Complete hemogram with peripheral blood smear & RBC Histogram can be used as a crucial haematology screening test for the diagnosis of anaemia.