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Volume 14 Issue 5 (May) 2025

Original Articles

Premixed vs sequential intrathecal administration of levobupivacaine with magnesium as an adjuvant in surgeries below umbilicus
Dr. Shivani Sharma, Dr. Rajesh Angral, Dr. Bushra Rehman

Introduction-The alleviation of pain during surgery is crucial for ensuring a smooth surgical experience for patients. Several investigations have indicated that premixing adjuvants with local anaesthetics can modify the distribution of the medication in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Consequently, providing adjuvants in separate syringes may mitigate the alteration in density of both medications, thereby preventing changes in cerebrospinal fluid distribution. The aim of present study is to assess the premixed vs sequential intrathecal administration of levobupivacaine with magnesium as an adjuvant in surgeries below umbilicusMaterial and methods-This prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted in the department of anesthesiology and critical care, GMCH Kathua in patients scheduled for elective lower abdominal or lower limb surgeries below the umbilicus under spinal anesthesia for a period of one year. Participants were randomized into three groups with 50 patients in each group. In group A,3ml of 0.5% levobupivacaine and 100mg(0.5ml) magnesium sulphate was combined in a single 5ml syringe before intrathecal injection. In the group B, magnesium sulphate100mg(0.5ml) was administered first in 2ml syringe followed by levobupivacaine 0.5% (3ml) was given in a separate 5ml syringe. In group C, levobupivacaine 0.5% (3ml) was administered in a separate 5ml syringefirst, followed by magnesium sulphatesulphate100mg(0.5ml) was administered in a separate 2ml syringe.Demographic data, medical history, intraoperative variables, and postoperative outcomes were recorded. Results–Group B's heart rates were consistently considerably lower than those of Groups A and C (p < 0.05). Between 5 and 30 minutes after the intervention, Group B's heart rates were consistently considerably lower than those of Groups A and C (p < 0.05).Group B showed the fastest onset of sensory (3.5 ± 0.7 min) and motor block (4.9 ± 0.6 min) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, Group B took the smallest amount of time (6.4 ± 0.6 min) to reach maximal sensory block, followed by Group C. Group A took the longest (9.1 ± 1.0 min). In comparison to Groups A and C, Group B also required the fewest rescue analgesic doses in the first 24 hours (2.5 ± 0.2) and had a considerably longer duration of analgesia, as seen by the longest time to first rescue analgesia (350.1 ± 18.3 min). Better pain management was indicated by Group B's lowest VAS values at all recorded intervals after the first hour.Conclusion–Our study found that sequential magnesium administration before levobupivacaine injection accelerates action, prolongs sensory and motor blockade, prolongs postoperative analgesia, and reduces rescue analgesia, compared to premixed magnesium with levobupivacaine.

 
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